Segments in vector spaces #
In a 𝕜-vector space, we define the following objects and properties.
segment 𝕜 x y
: Closed segment joiningx
andy
.openSegment 𝕜 x y
: Open segment joiningx
andy
.
Notations #
We provide the following notation:
[x -[𝕜] y] = segment 𝕜 x y
in localeConvex
TODO #
Generalize all this file to affine spaces.
Should we rename segment
and openSegment
to convex.Icc
and convex.Ioo
? Should we also
define clopenSegment
/convex.Ico
/convex.Ioc
?
def
openSegment
(𝕜 : Type u_1)
{E : Type u_2}
[OrderedSemiring 𝕜]
[AddCommMonoid E]
[SMul 𝕜 E]
(x : E)
(y : E)
:
Set E
Open segment in a vector space. Note that openSegment 𝕜 x x = {x}
instead of being ∅
when
the base semiring has some element between 0
and 1
.
Equations
Instances For
Segments in a vector space.
Equations
- One or more equations did not get rendered due to their size.
Instances For
theorem
segment_symm
(𝕜 : Type u_1)
{E : Type u_2}
[OrderedSemiring 𝕜]
[AddCommMonoid E]
[SMul 𝕜 E]
(x : E)
(y : E)
:
theorem
openSegment_symm
(𝕜 : Type u_1)
{E : Type u_2}
[OrderedSemiring 𝕜]
[AddCommMonoid E]
[SMul 𝕜 E]
(x : E)
(y : E)
:
openSegment 𝕜 x y = openSegment 𝕜 y x
theorem
openSegment_subset_segment
(𝕜 : Type u_1)
{E : Type u_2}
[OrderedSemiring 𝕜]
[AddCommMonoid E]
[SMul 𝕜 E]
(x : E)
(y : E)
:
openSegment 𝕜 x y ⊆ segment 𝕜 x y
theorem
openSegment_subset_iff
(𝕜 : Type u_1)
{E : Type u_2}
[OrderedSemiring 𝕜]
[AddCommMonoid E]
[SMul 𝕜 E]
{s : Set E}
{x : E}
{y : E}
:
theorem
left_mem_segment
(𝕜 : Type u_1)
{E : Type u_2}
[OrderedSemiring 𝕜]
[AddCommMonoid E]
[MulActionWithZero 𝕜 E]
(x : E)
(y : E)
:
theorem
right_mem_segment
(𝕜 : Type u_1)
{E : Type u_2}
[OrderedSemiring 𝕜]
[AddCommMonoid E]
[MulActionWithZero 𝕜 E]
(x : E)
(y : E)
:
@[simp]
theorem
segment_same
(𝕜 : Type u_1)
{E : Type u_2}
[OrderedSemiring 𝕜]
[AddCommMonoid E]
[Module 𝕜 E]
(x : E)
:
theorem
insert_endpoints_openSegment
(𝕜 : Type u_1)
{E : Type u_2}
[OrderedSemiring 𝕜]
[AddCommMonoid E]
[Module 𝕜 E]
(x : E)
(y : E)
:
insert x (insert y (openSegment 𝕜 x y)) = segment 𝕜 x y
theorem
mem_openSegment_of_ne_left_right
{𝕜 : Type u_1}
{E : Type u_2}
[OrderedSemiring 𝕜]
[AddCommMonoid E]
[Module 𝕜 E]
{x : E}
{y : E}
{z : E}
(hx : x ≠ z)
(hy : y ≠ z)
(hz : z ∈ segment 𝕜 x y)
:
z ∈ openSegment 𝕜 x y
theorem
openSegment_subset_iff_segment_subset
{𝕜 : Type u_1}
{E : Type u_2}
[OrderedSemiring 𝕜]
[AddCommMonoid E]
[Module 𝕜 E]
{s : Set E}
{x : E}
{y : E}
(hx : x ∈ s)
(hy : y ∈ s)
:
openSegment 𝕜 x y ⊆ s ↔ segment 𝕜 x y ⊆ s
@[simp]
theorem
openSegment_same
(𝕜 : Type u_1)
{E : Type u_2}
[OrderedRing 𝕜]
[AddCommGroup E]
[Module 𝕜 E]
[Nontrivial 𝕜]
[DenselyOrdered 𝕜]
(x : E)
:
openSegment 𝕜 x x = {x}
theorem
segment_eq_image
(𝕜 : Type u_1)
{E : Type u_2}
[OrderedRing 𝕜]
[AddCommGroup E]
[Module 𝕜 E]
(x : E)
(y : E)
:
theorem
openSegment_eq_image
(𝕜 : Type u_1)
{E : Type u_2}
[OrderedRing 𝕜]
[AddCommGroup E]
[Module 𝕜 E]
(x : E)
(y : E)
:
theorem
segment_eq_image'
(𝕜 : Type u_1)
{E : Type u_2}
[OrderedRing 𝕜]
[AddCommGroup E]
[Module 𝕜 E]
(x : E)
(y : E)
:
theorem
openSegment_eq_image'
(𝕜 : Type u_1)
{E : Type u_2}
[OrderedRing 𝕜]
[AddCommGroup E]
[Module 𝕜 E]
(x : E)
(y : E)
:
theorem
segment_eq_image_lineMap
(𝕜 : Type u_1)
{E : Type u_2}
[OrderedRing 𝕜]
[AddCommGroup E]
[Module 𝕜 E]
(x : E)
(y : E)
:
segment 𝕜 x y = ⇑(AffineMap.lineMap x y) '' Set.Icc 0 1
theorem
openSegment_eq_image_lineMap
(𝕜 : Type u_1)
{E : Type u_2}
[OrderedRing 𝕜]
[AddCommGroup E]
[Module 𝕜 E]
(x : E)
(y : E)
:
openSegment 𝕜 x y = ⇑(AffineMap.lineMap x y) '' Set.Ioo 0 1
@[simp]
theorem
image_segment
(𝕜 : Type u_1)
{E : Type u_2}
{F : Type u_3}
[OrderedRing 𝕜]
[AddCommGroup E]
[AddCommGroup F]
[Module 𝕜 E]
[Module 𝕜 F]
(f : E →ᵃ[𝕜] F)
(a : E)
(b : E)
:
@[simp]
theorem
image_openSegment
(𝕜 : Type u_1)
{E : Type u_2}
{F : Type u_3}
[OrderedRing 𝕜]
[AddCommGroup E]
[AddCommGroup F]
[Module 𝕜 E]
[Module 𝕜 F]
(f : E →ᵃ[𝕜] F)
(a : E)
(b : E)
:
⇑f '' openSegment 𝕜 a b = openSegment 𝕜 (f a) (f b)
@[simp]
theorem
vadd_segment
(𝕜 : Type u_1)
{E : Type u_2}
{G : Type u_4}
[OrderedRing 𝕜]
[AddCommGroup E]
[AddCommGroup G]
[Module 𝕜 E]
[AddTorsor G E]
[VAddCommClass G E E]
(a : G)
(b : E)
(c : E)
:
@[simp]
theorem
vadd_openSegment
(𝕜 : Type u_1)
{E : Type u_2}
{G : Type u_4}
[OrderedRing 𝕜]
[AddCommGroup E]
[AddCommGroup G]
[Module 𝕜 E]
[AddTorsor G E]
[VAddCommClass G E E]
(a : G)
(b : E)
(c : E)
:
a +ᵥ openSegment 𝕜 b c = openSegment 𝕜 (a +ᵥ b) (a +ᵥ c)
@[simp]
theorem
mem_segment_translate
(𝕜 : Type u_1)
{E : Type u_2}
[OrderedRing 𝕜]
[AddCommGroup E]
[Module 𝕜 E]
(a : E)
{x : E}
{b : E}
{c : E}
:
@[simp]
theorem
mem_openSegment_translate
(𝕜 : Type u_1)
{E : Type u_2}
[OrderedRing 𝕜]
[AddCommGroup E]
[Module 𝕜 E]
(a : E)
{x : E}
{b : E}
{c : E}
:
a + x ∈ openSegment 𝕜 (a + b) (a + c) ↔ x ∈ openSegment 𝕜 b c
theorem
segment_translate_preimage
(𝕜 : Type u_1)
{E : Type u_2}
[OrderedRing 𝕜]
[AddCommGroup E]
[Module 𝕜 E]
(a : E)
(b : E)
(c : E)
:
theorem
openSegment_translate_preimage
(𝕜 : Type u_1)
{E : Type u_2}
[OrderedRing 𝕜]
[AddCommGroup E]
[Module 𝕜 E]
(a : E)
(b : E)
(c : E)
:
(fun (x : E) => a + x) ⁻¹' openSegment 𝕜 (a + b) (a + c) = openSegment 𝕜 b c
theorem
segment_translate_image
(𝕜 : Type u_1)
{E : Type u_2}
[OrderedRing 𝕜]
[AddCommGroup E]
[Module 𝕜 E]
(a : E)
(b : E)
(c : E)
:
theorem
openSegment_translate_image
(𝕜 : Type u_1)
{E : Type u_2}
[OrderedRing 𝕜]
[AddCommGroup E]
[Module 𝕜 E]
(a : E)
(b : E)
(c : E)
:
(fun (x : E) => a + x) '' openSegment 𝕜 b c = openSegment 𝕜 (a + b) (a + c)
theorem
segment_inter_eq_endpoint_of_linearIndependent_sub
(𝕜 : Type u_1)
{E : Type u_2}
[OrderedRing 𝕜]
[AddCommGroup E]
[Module 𝕜 E]
{c : E}
{x : E}
{y : E}
(h : LinearIndependent 𝕜 ![x - c, y - c])
:
theorem
sameRay_of_mem_segment
{𝕜 : Type u_1}
{E : Type u_2}
[StrictOrderedCommRing 𝕜]
[AddCommGroup E]
[Module 𝕜 E]
{x : E}
{y : E}
{z : E}
(h : x ∈ segment 𝕜 y z)
:
theorem
segment_inter_eq_endpoint_of_linearIndependent_of_ne
{𝕜 : Type u_1}
{E : Type u_2}
[OrderedCommRing 𝕜]
[NoZeroDivisors 𝕜]
[AddCommGroup E]
[Module 𝕜 E]
{x : E}
{y : E}
(h : LinearIndependent 𝕜 ![x, y])
{s : 𝕜}
{t : 𝕜}
(hs : s ≠ t)
(c : E)
:
theorem
midpoint_mem_segment
{𝕜 : Type u_1}
{E : Type u_2}
[LinearOrderedRing 𝕜]
[AddCommGroup E]
[Module 𝕜 E]
[Invertible 2]
(x : E)
(y : E)
:
theorem
mem_segment_sub_add
{𝕜 : Type u_1}
{E : Type u_2}
[LinearOrderedRing 𝕜]
[AddCommGroup E]
[Module 𝕜 E]
[Invertible 2]
(x : E)
(y : E)
:
theorem
mem_segment_add_sub
{𝕜 : Type u_1}
{E : Type u_2}
[LinearOrderedRing 𝕜]
[AddCommGroup E]
[Module 𝕜 E]
[Invertible 2]
(x : E)
(y : E)
:
@[simp]
theorem
left_mem_openSegment_iff
{𝕜 : Type u_1}
{E : Type u_2}
[LinearOrderedRing 𝕜]
[AddCommGroup E]
[Module 𝕜 E]
{x : E}
{y : E}
[DenselyOrdered 𝕜]
[NoZeroSMulDivisors 𝕜 E]
:
x ∈ openSegment 𝕜 x y ↔ x = y
@[simp]
theorem
right_mem_openSegment_iff
{𝕜 : Type u_1}
{E : Type u_2}
[LinearOrderedRing 𝕜]
[AddCommGroup E]
[Module 𝕜 E]
{x : E}
{y : E}
[DenselyOrdered 𝕜]
[NoZeroSMulDivisors 𝕜 E]
:
y ∈ openSegment 𝕜 x y ↔ x = y
theorem
mem_segment_iff_sameRay
{𝕜 : Type u_1}
{E : Type u_2}
[LinearOrderedField 𝕜]
[AddCommGroup E]
[Module 𝕜 E]
{x : E}
{y : E}
{z : E}
:
theorem
openSegment_subset_union
{𝕜 : Type u_1}
{E : Type u_2}
[LinearOrderedField 𝕜]
[AddCommGroup E]
[Module 𝕜 E]
(x : E)
(y : E)
{z : E}
(hz : z ∈ Set.range ⇑(AffineMap.lineMap x y))
:
openSegment 𝕜 x y ⊆ insert z (openSegment 𝕜 x z ∪ openSegment 𝕜 z y)
If z = lineMap x y c
is a point on the line passing through x
and y
, then the open
segment openSegment 𝕜 x y
is included in the union of the open segments openSegment 𝕜 x z
,
openSegment 𝕜 z y
, and the point z
. Informally, (x, y) ⊆ {z} ∪ (x, z) ∪ (z, y)
.
theorem
segment_subset_Icc
{𝕜 : Type u_1}
{E : Type u_2}
[OrderedSemiring 𝕜]
[OrderedAddCommMonoid E]
[Module 𝕜 E]
[OrderedSMul 𝕜 E]
{x : E}
{y : E}
(h : x ≤ y)
:
theorem
openSegment_subset_Ioo
{𝕜 : Type u_1}
{E : Type u_2}
[OrderedSemiring 𝕜]
[OrderedCancelAddCommMonoid E]
[Module 𝕜 E]
[OrderedSMul 𝕜 E]
{x : E}
{y : E}
(h : x < y)
:
openSegment 𝕜 x y ⊆ Set.Ioo x y
theorem
segment_subset_uIcc
{𝕜 : Type u_1}
{E : Type u_2}
[OrderedSemiring 𝕜]
[LinearOrderedAddCommMonoid E]
[Module 𝕜 E]
[OrderedSMul 𝕜 E]
(x : E)
(y : E)
:
theorem
Convex.min_le_combo
{𝕜 : Type u_1}
{E : Type u_2}
[OrderedSemiring 𝕜]
[LinearOrderedAddCommMonoid E]
[Module 𝕜 E]
[OrderedSMul 𝕜 E]
{a : 𝕜}
{b : 𝕜}
(x : E)
(y : E)
(ha : 0 ≤ a)
(hb : 0 ≤ b)
(hab : a + b = 1)
:
theorem
Convex.combo_le_max
{𝕜 : Type u_1}
{E : Type u_2}
[OrderedSemiring 𝕜]
[LinearOrderedAddCommMonoid E]
[Module 𝕜 E]
[OrderedSMul 𝕜 E]
{a : 𝕜}
{b : 𝕜}
(x : E)
(y : E)
(ha : 0 ≤ a)
(hb : 0 ≤ b)
(hab : a + b = 1)
:
@[simp]
theorem
Ioo_subset_openSegment
{𝕜 : Type u_1}
[LinearOrderedField 𝕜]
{x : 𝕜}
{y : 𝕜}
:
Set.Ioo x y ⊆ openSegment 𝕜 x y
@[simp]
theorem
openSegment_eq_Ioo
{𝕜 : Type u_1}
[LinearOrderedField 𝕜]
{x : 𝕜}
{y : 𝕜}
(h : x < y)
:
openSegment 𝕜 x y = Set.Ioo x y
theorem
openSegment_eq_Ioo'
{𝕜 : Type u_1}
[LinearOrderedField 𝕜]
{x : 𝕜}
{y : 𝕜}
(hxy : x ≠ y)
:
openSegment 𝕜 x y = Set.Ioo (min x y) (max x y)
theorem
Prod.segment_subset
{𝕜 : Type u_1}
{E : Type u_2}
{F : Type u_3}
[OrderedSemiring 𝕜]
[AddCommMonoid E]
[AddCommMonoid F]
[Module 𝕜 E]
[Module 𝕜 F]
(x : E × F)
(y : E × F)
:
theorem
Prod.openSegment_subset
{𝕜 : Type u_1}
{E : Type u_2}
{F : Type u_3}
[OrderedSemiring 𝕜]
[AddCommMonoid E]
[AddCommMonoid F]
[Module 𝕜 E]
[Module 𝕜 F]
(x : E × F)
(y : E × F)
:
openSegment 𝕜 x y ⊆ openSegment 𝕜 x.1 y.1 ×ˢ openSegment 𝕜 x.2 y.2
theorem
Prod.image_mk_segment_left
{𝕜 : Type u_1}
{E : Type u_2}
{F : Type u_3}
[OrderedSemiring 𝕜]
[AddCommMonoid E]
[AddCommMonoid F]
[Module 𝕜 E]
[Module 𝕜 F]
(x₁ : E)
(x₂ : E)
(y : F)
:
theorem
Prod.image_mk_segment_right
{𝕜 : Type u_1}
{E : Type u_2}
{F : Type u_3}
[OrderedSemiring 𝕜]
[AddCommMonoid E]
[AddCommMonoid F]
[Module 𝕜 E]
[Module 𝕜 F]
(x : E)
(y₁ : F)
(y₂ : F)
:
theorem
Prod.image_mk_openSegment_left
{𝕜 : Type u_1}
{E : Type u_2}
{F : Type u_3}
[OrderedSemiring 𝕜]
[AddCommMonoid E]
[AddCommMonoid F]
[Module 𝕜 E]
[Module 𝕜 F]
(x₁ : E)
(x₂ : E)
(y : F)
:
(fun (x : E) => (x, y)) '' openSegment 𝕜 x₁ x₂ = openSegment 𝕜 (x₁, y) (x₂, y)
@[simp]
theorem
Prod.image_mk_openSegment_right
{𝕜 : Type u_1}
{E : Type u_2}
{F : Type u_3}
[OrderedSemiring 𝕜]
[AddCommMonoid E]
[AddCommMonoid F]
[Module 𝕜 E]
[Module 𝕜 F]
(x : E)
(y₁ : F)
(y₂ : F)
:
(fun (y : F) => (x, y)) '' openSegment 𝕜 y₁ y₂ = openSegment 𝕜 (x, y₁) (x, y₂)
theorem
Pi.segment_subset
{𝕜 : Type u_1}
{ι : Type u_5}
{π : ι → Type u_6}
[OrderedSemiring 𝕜]
[(i : ι) → AddCommMonoid (π i)]
[(i : ι) → Module 𝕜 (π i)]
{s : Set ι}
(x : (i : ι) → π i)
(y : (i : ι) → π i)
:
theorem
Pi.openSegment_subset
{𝕜 : Type u_1}
{ι : Type u_5}
{π : ι → Type u_6}
[OrderedSemiring 𝕜]
[(i : ι) → AddCommMonoid (π i)]
[(i : ι) → Module 𝕜 (π i)]
{s : Set ι}
(x : (i : ι) → π i)
(y : (i : ι) → π i)
:
openSegment 𝕜 x y ⊆ s.pi fun (i : ι) => openSegment 𝕜 (x i) (y i)
theorem
Pi.image_update_segment
{𝕜 : Type u_1}
{ι : Type u_5}
{π : ι → Type u_6}
[OrderedSemiring 𝕜]
[(i : ι) → AddCommMonoid (π i)]
[(i : ι) → Module 𝕜 (π i)]
[DecidableEq ι]
(i : ι)
(x₁ : π i)
(x₂ : π i)
(y : (i : ι) → π i)
:
Function.update y i '' segment 𝕜 x₁ x₂ = segment 𝕜 (Function.update y i x₁) (Function.update y i x₂)
theorem
Pi.image_update_openSegment
{𝕜 : Type u_1}
{ι : Type u_5}
{π : ι → Type u_6}
[OrderedSemiring 𝕜]
[(i : ι) → AddCommMonoid (π i)]
[(i : ι) → Module 𝕜 (π i)]
[DecidableEq ι]
(i : ι)
(x₁ : π i)
(x₂ : π i)
(y : (i : ι) → π i)
:
Function.update y i '' openSegment 𝕜 x₁ x₂ = openSegment 𝕜 (Function.update y i x₁) (Function.update y i x₂)